of employment across countries and thus a change in the trade-off between wages and employment faced by wage setters …. While the effects of product market integration on the trade-off between wages and employment in general is ambiguous, it is … through trade. Unambiguously, real wages and employment and welfare improve upon reductions in trade frictions, and therefore …

the loses to the low paid. Product market integration may thus lead to a more unequal distribution of wages and employment …, even though there are aggregate gains in terms of higher real incomes and employment …

the loses to the low paid. Product market integration may thus lead to a more inequal distribution of wages and employment …, even though there are aggregate gains in terms of higher real incomes and employment. …

the loses to the low paid. Product market integration may thus lead to a more inequal distribution of wages and employment …, even though there are aggregate gains in terms of higher real incomes and employment. …

the euro area. Employment began to rise again in the first half of 2011, but declined once more at the end of that year … fall in GDP, employment adjustment has been relatively muted at the aggregate euro area level, mostly due to significant … some euro area countries, in others dramatic changes in employment and unemployment rates have been observed and, indeed …

larger on employment than on real wages, in contrast to findings for previous crises which found the reverse to be true …This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippine labor market, focusing on employment and real … wages and their respective outcomes across sectors and various worker characteristics. To analyze the pandemic's impacts on …

This research documents changes in employment and wages in the Netherlands for different types of workers. We compare … 2017 to 2023 using regression-adjusted wages to make sure changes in composition of the workforce do not influence our … employment has been growing by 2 percent in the period 2017-2023, of which 1.8 percent has been due to additional workers finding …

This paper documents and analyses the predominance of informal employment in Africa and shows that lack of demand for … potential to become competitive in light manufacturing, but the most promising avenue for export-led growth of employment in … investment and technology transfer in labour-intensive tradable industries, and thus raising labour demand and employment. …