degree of democratic legitimacy …

Democracy is explained by giving the power to the government, with the consent of citizens, expressing their will … of democracy. Citizen participation is remarkable on two levels in the European government: one, as a citizen of European … Treaty of Maastricht in 199 3) which has claimed rights and freedoms recognized by law. Citizens of EU Member States elect …

This contribution contends that the European Union (EU) has taken an authoritarian turn in the past crisis decade …, which needs to be systematically addressed in EU studies. Starting from an ideal-typical conception of scenarios for the EU … introduced traits of authoritarian rule in the EU's supranational governance. On the other hand, democratic backsliding and the …

generalized liberalization trend in industrial relations, affecting not just "liberal" but also "coordinated" forms of capitalism …. In coordinated economies, liberalization has not taken place primarily through outright deregulation, but has involved …, the paper links the liberalization of industrial relations to "secular stagnation" – i.e., to the growing difficulty that …

and its impact on the effectiveness and legitimacy of democratic government in Europe. This volume begins with the oft … European law on the institutions and policy legacies of EU member states and on the implications of these asymmetries for the … democratic legitimacy of governing at national and European levels. …