This paper reviews empirical evidence, especially from Europe, on how education and training policies can be designed … education and schools over vocational and higher education to training and lifelong learning. The available evidence suggests … deliver best results. Designed this way, education and training systems can advance efficiency and equity at the same time …

individuals with low levels of education, and to situate it in the context of the evolution in the value of a high school diploma … over the 1981-1996 period, conditional on not pursuing post-secondary education. To do so I make use of Statistics Canada … whether the value of holding a high school diploma (excluding the option value of pursuing post-secondary education) has …