The article outlines the historical roots of bonds and bond-market institutions in the Czech Republic. The survey begins in early 20th century, during the Habsburg monarchy, carries through the First Republic of Czechoslovakia and the preceding post-Second World War socialist era, and culminates...

This article deals with the situation in the Chinese economy at the time of communist takeover. It brings a basic characteristic of the Chinese economy including its large problems. The study is also trying to analyse the fi rst steps of the new communist government that immediately impacted on...