The article outlines the historical roots of bonds and bond-market institutions in the Czech Republic. The survey …-market economy and the founding of the Czech Republic in the early 1990s to the present). Perhaps surprisingly, similar bond … differences exist, among them, for example, the existence of perpetuities, lottery bonds, and bonds issued by individuals during …

deal with in this regard. The analysis of the credit spread of Czech corporate bonds provides some empirical evidence to …Credit risk is a significant feature of debt securities. Large institutional investors employ teams of researchers who … scrutinize and measure credit risk. The Czech market possesses specific features that make the exact specification and …

also an important step within the setting of optimal level of capital eligible to cover risk exposures. A significant … portion of capital is usually assigned to cover the risk of unexpected changes in FX rates. FX rates (the returns) commonly …