one bank could easily turn to a panic involving runs on all banks, destroying some and disrupting the financial system …

services is related to household characteristics, bank ownership structure and the development of the financial infrastructure …. At the household level we find that the holding of a bank account or bank card increases with income, wealth and … integration. Our results show that foreign bank ownership is associated with more bank accounts among high-wealth, high …

reviews the debate about marketbased vs. bank-based financial systems. Using data for a sample of 40 countries over the period … economic growth, but the degree to which a financial system is market- or bank-based cannot explain economic development across …