Actual wages typically exceed collectively set standard wages. Standard wages are, therefore, not binding, yet they seem to influence actual wages strongly. An explanation for this phenomenon is offered along the lines of the Fair Wage/Effort Hypothesis proposed by G. Akerlof and J. Yellen...

This note, published in 1995, assesses the problems that might be entailed by the introduction of the European monetary union. It is argued that wage pressure will not be diminished by forming the union, and the stagflation problem that lies at the root of the rising trend in unemployment will...

People tend, in many ways, to behave like the others they see around them. This note´shows that such reference group behavior tends to reinforce incentives (economic or other) that influence individuals directly only marginally. The workings or such incentives is augmented what might be called...

A Ricardian Growth theory is developed along the lines indicated by Kaldor . The dynamics of the model as well as the role of manufacture is considered. It is hoped that the proposed formulation sheds some additional light on how the formation of wages, rents, and profits has been conceived by...

The linear savings function in Stiglitz' model of wealth distribution is replaced by the assumption that the average savings propensity of each individual is determined by its relative income position and the marginal propensity to save is an increasing function of individual income. It is shown...