Russia's foreign debt problems worsened substantially after the financial crisis of 1998. The paper focuses on the key role of the government in servicing foreign debt and promoting institution building by showing how foreign debt influences the choice between official and unofficial taxation....

This article deals with various methods for dealing with income advantages of owner occupied housing (imputed rents). It also explores the effects of such advantages on the distribution of individual income. Following a description of the theoretical aspects of the various methods as well as...

As part of the Statutory Health Insurance Modernization Act a co-payment of €10 per quarter for the first contact at a physician's or a dentist's office has been introduced with effect of 1stJanuary 2004. Apart from contributing to the financial consolidation of the Statutory Health Insurance...

This paper presents the financial effects of a transition from the pay-as-you-go to a capital funded health insurance system in Germany. The focus of the following article will be on the financial need in different settings which are given by the difference of the spending for health care and...

In Western economies, the concrete design of fiscal federalism is determined by the status the federation grants to regionally comparable economic and social conditions, and to what extent this status is anchored in the constitution. If the political and social acceptance of regional differences...

Die Rendite von Sparkassen und Genossenschaftsbanken liegt in Deutschland über der von privaten Geschäftsbanken. Das vorliegende Papier bietet einen theoretischen Erklärungsansatz, der diese Renditeunterschiede auf Differenzen in der Kreditvergabestrategie zurückführt. Dieses Modell zeigt,...