the European Union, respectively: Ideally, sanctions should impose considerable economic costs on Russia and contribute to … options are discussed, namely an embargo on Russian exports of fossil fuels and an import tariff. If European policymakers … want to consider the option of a gas import tariff on Russian exports, the pros and cons of such a policy option clearly …

Since early 2006, Russia has been attempting to change the rules on the international energy market to suit its own …, as its dependence on imports of raw materials is increasing. Russia believes to be able to choose between serving the … its strategic energy partnership with Russia, but also to diversify the existing import structures. …

Since early 2006, Russia has been attempting to change the rules on the international energy market to suit its own …, as its dependence on imports of raw materials is increasing. Russia believes to be able to choose between serving the … its strategic energy partnership with Russia, but also to diversify the existing import structures. …

the European Union, respectively: Ideally, sanctions should impose considerable economic costs on Russia and contribute to … options are discussed, namely an embargo on Russian exports of fossil fuels and an import tariff. If European policymakers … want to consider the option of a gas import tariff on Russian exports, the pros and cons of such a policy option clearly …

Do sanctions strengthen the targeted regime? I analyze the 2014 imposition of Western sanctions on Russia and its … stations that had a sanctioned firm in immediate vicinity. Targeted sanctions imposition also affected voter turnout. The … effect on voting can be explained as rally-around-the-flag in the face of sanctions, as long as voters did not endure …

rethink Germany's political and economic relations with Russia. A “change of times” was proclaimed which meant a caesura in … foreign and security policy as well as the overcoming of economic dependencies on Russia. This article analyzes whether … Germany has substantially reduced its foreign trade relations with Russia more than a year after this proclamation. It is …

the wake of sanctions and counter-sanctions, and that Russia has since lost importance as a trading partner. In an …The authors show that the momentum of business with Russia was broken after the Russian occupation of Crimea in 2014 in … analysis by product group, they show that individual sectors and companies are more dependent on exports to Russia than is …

the wake of sanctions and counter-sanctions, and that Russia has since lost importance as a trading partner. In an …The authors show that the momentum of business with Russia was broken after the Russian occupation of Crimea in 2014 in … analysis by product group, they show that individual sectors and companies are more dependent on exports to Russia than is …