In this paper, we endeavour to determine the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany that is in circulation outside … Germany. In so doing, we draw a distinction between banknotes outstanding in non-euro-area countries and those that are in … surveys (direct approaches). The observation period runs from 2002 to 2009. We discover that German euro banknotes to a total …

In this paper, we endeavour to determine the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany that is in circulation outside … Germany. In so doing, we draw a distinction between banknotes outstanding in non-euro-area countries and those that are in … circulation in other euro-area countries. The analysis is based on approaches that estimate the volume of banknotes in circulation …

In this paper, we endeavour to determine the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany that is in circulation outside … Germany. In so doing, we draw a distinction between banknotes outstanding in non-euro-area countries and those that are in … circulation in other euro-area countries. The analysis is based on approaches that estimate the volume of banknotes in circulation …

Bundesbank (€350 billion). -- Banknotes ; euro ; foreign demand ; hoarding ; transaction balances ; domestic migration …In this paper, we endeavour to determine the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany that is in circulation outside … Germany. In so doing, we draw a distinction between banknotes outstanding in non-euro-area countries and those that are in …

shifted towards cash payments. In order to hinder, or even do away with such illegal monetary transactions, the EU is … eliminate the use of cash transactions, as this would lead to advantages within the banking industry. However, there would be … legislation restricting the amount of cash used in payments. Several countries already have such legislation. It is possible that …

The topic of abolishing cash is discussed since some time, and economists such as Rogoff, Summers and Bofinger argue … argumentative lines of the supporters and opponents of an abolishing or limitation of cash, as well as the respective institutional …

The topic of abolishing cash is discussed since some time, and economists such as Rogoff, Summers and Bofinger argue … argumentative lines of the supporters and opponents of an abolishing or limitation of cash, as well as the respective institutional …

To broaden the operational scope of monetary policy, several authors suggest cash abolishment as an appropriate means … negative interest rates on cash holdings. Adopting a money-in-the-utility-function (MIU) model, we measure the welfare loss in … on the economy. Firstly, we gauge the welfare effects of abolishing cash, both, for the Euro area and for Germany, and we …