My chapter addresses the question: to what extent did global CSR frameworks shape national-level business-led CSR organizations? I find that national CSR associations were already successfully consolidated in several countries in the 1970s and 1980s and were relatively autonomous from global CSR...

The living wage standard has emerged as a norm in global initiatives targeting supply chain labor practices. This is unexpected, because the living wage, if actually paid, could impose substantial new supply chain costs. There is also considerable disagreement on how to calculate a living wage...

We evaluate the impact of fair trade (FT) affiliation on a sample of (treatment and control) producers from two different fair trade projects in a poorer and a relatively better off area of Peru. In both projects, we find that producer’s income is significantly associated with years of...

The issue of outsourcing jobs abroad stirs great emotion among Americans. Economic free-traders fiercely defend outsourcing as a positive for the U.S. economy while critics contend that corporate desire for low wages solely drives this practice. In this study I focus on a specific type of...

The present paper is part of unpublished book divided into three interrelated manuscripts that analyze the collapse of the Sudan. The current paper concludes that the rebellion by certain groups in Darfur region has triggered a further a counteraction by other tribes of Arab descendants. The...

When the challenges of population aging are being debated, the uncertain future of pension systems is a topic of high priority and large controversy. The aim of this chapter is not to provide a “consensus view” on social security and public insurance in aging populations but to put structure...

The paper analyses the development of trafficking in human beings (THB) as an economic crime and as a severe violation of human rights by focusing on the different actors' involved in counter-trafficking efforts. The paper outlines how the crime evolved in Austria, Germany and the United States...

This paper investigates the impact of individuals' social identity on their tax attitudes, and how these effects on the micro level are translated to an impact of ethnic heterogeneity on the public's 'overall' tax morale. We find that both racial and national identities play important roles...

The chapter argues that the reform of the corporation to promote greater social responsibility is an unlikely solution to the crisis of climate change. The managers of business organisations are relatively powerless in the face of the powerful market forces which drive increasing consumption of...

The demographic history of the Jews in the Middle Ages may be characterized by two main phenomena: i) a sharp drop in the number of Jews until the beginning of the modern period, due mainly to conversions; and, ii) early urbanization. Until now, these features have been analyzed as primarily...