We show a new way through which patent protection affects innovation. We show that patent protection may reduce the final goods producers' incentives for innovation in industries with imperfectly competitive input markets. The input market structure may play an important role in this respect.

We show that if patent protection and trade secrecy generate asymmetricmarket structure, an innovator may prefer patent protection than trade secrecy even ifthe diffusion probability is higher under the former but it increases marketconcentration by preventing some imitators...

Taking technological differences between firms as given, we show that the technologically advanced firm has a stronger incentive for technology licensing under a decentralized unionization structure than with centralized wage setting. Furthermore, We show that, in presence of licensing, the...