The declared intention of policy makers is that future bank restructuring should be conducted through bail-in rather than bail-out. Over the past years there have been a few cases of European banks being restructured where creditors were bailed in. This paper exploits these events to investigate...

In this article, we analyse the microeconomic relationship between innovation and employment, using company data from the R&D Scoreboard for Europe covering 2000-2008. A reduced form labour demand equation is estimated. In the equation, R&D can account for both product and process innovation....