councils may be construed as largely beneficial. However, any such optimistic evaluation is heavily qualified by union … organization and in particular workplace unionism. Establishment union density seemingly blunts the performance of employee …

union based entities on the other. The role of unionism is also central to this inquiry, not only with respect to the degree … to which workplace representation is union dominated but also and more familiarly perhaps through workplace union density … reduced strike activity. However, any such effect is sensitive in particular to the union status of work councilors and time …

councils are associated with reduced strike activity. However, where union members make up a majority of works councillors …, such union-dominated councils experience greater strike activity than do their counterparts with minority union membership …, and also more strikes than establishments with union workplace representation where union members are in a minority …

Using the 2019 ECS, we investigate the relationship between union organization, workplace representation, industrial … union density is higher and where workers are covered by mixed-level collective agreements. Distrust and strained workplace …-win outcomes, where the default is unresolved outcomes. Higher union density is associated with worker wins, collective bargaining …

councils are associated with reduced strike activity. However, where union members make up a majority of works councillors …, such union-dominated councils experience greater strike activity than do their counterparts with minority union membership …, and also more strikes than establishments with union workplace representation where union members are in a minority …