Background Although moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to confer a protective effect for specific diseases …, current societal patterns of alcohol use impose a huge health and economic burden on modern society. This study presents a … method for estimating the health and economic burden of alcohol consumption to the UK National Health Service (NHS). Methods …

other way around. Moreover, we found that alcohol is a gateway for cigarette which further supports our conclusion … concerning the reinforcing effect of alcohol consumption on cigarette consumption. We believe that drinking works as a trigger … to cut cigarette consumption might increase alcohol consumption to cope with resulting stress, which induces an asymmetry …

, protein, alcohol and cigarette consumption, and on diversity of diet. The results from a dynamic empirical model suggest that …, economic growth has a significant impact on changes in fat and protein consumption and on alcohol use, while unemployment … changes significantly impact protein intake, alcohol consumption and the diversity of diet. …