increases in youth unemployment and youth participation in active labor market programs. The impact on unemployment rates by age … and education has been roughly proportional, however. The evolution of employment and unemployment does not offer much … ground for the popular hypothesis that the recent rise in unemployment is driven by large and pervasive shifts in the demand …

) have been used as a means to fight high unemployment. This paper discusses the mechanisms through which ALMPs affect (un)employment … open unemployment, but also reduced regular employment. The overall policy conclusion is that ALMPs of the scale used in …. There should be a greater emphasis on holding down long-term unemployment in general and a smaller emphasis on youth …