Introduction: A Stochastic Approach to Discounted Cash Flow -- Basic Elements: Cash Flow, Tax, Expectation, Cost of Capital, Value -- Corporate Income Tax: WACC, FTE, TCF, APV -- Personal Income Tax -- Corporate and Personal Income Tax -- Proofs -- Sketch of Solutions.

"This paper examines how filing for bankruptcy under Chapter 13 helps financially distressed debtors save their homes. Filing under Chapter 13 stops lenders from foreclosing and gives debtors extra time to repay mortgage arrears, but does not reduce the total amount owed. We develop a model of...