Economic sanctions have become an increasingly popular method of punishing nations that do not behave according to international standards. But sometimes sanctions are imposed on allies and trading partners as well. The United States currently imposes sanctions on 90 countries, including Canada...

In 1944, Martin Crowe, a Catholic priest, wrote a doctoral dissertation titled The Moral Obligation of Paying Just Taxes. His dissertation summarized and analyzed 500 years of theological and philosophical debate on this topic, which identified three basic philosophical positions on the issue....

This article examines corporate bailouts from several ethical perspectives. Utilitarian analysis concludes that bailouts cannot be ethically justified because the losers exceed the winners. Applying rights theory reaches the same conclusion for different reasons

Some individuals advocate incorporating labor standards into trade agreements. Others are vehemently opposed to the idea. Both sides to the controversy give compelling arguments to support their positions. This paper examines the controversy and applies ethical theory to determine whether...

The purpose of this paper is not to fully analyze the various programs or arguments that have been given over the years to justify or attack foreign aid, but rather to examine the practice of foreign aid through the lens of economic analysis and constitutional analysis, which has not really been...

Trade policy is often used as a tool of international relations. Offering to reduce tariffs or quotas or to liberalize trade can be used as a bargaining chip to induce trading partners to do the same. When successful, such agreements result in a positive-sum game, since all parties to the deal...

The issue of ethics seldom arises in discussions involving international trade. Talks generally revolve around a particular policy or how a particular policy affects this or that sector of the economy, industry, country or region. When ethical issues are discussed, it is usually from a...

Most papers on transfer pricing deal either with technical aspects of the topic or strategy. Research on ethical aspects of transfer pricing is almost totally absent from the business literature and is scantly covered in the ethics literature. The purpose of this paper is to fill that gap....