communities after the financial crisis. Looking ahead, major reforms are now necessary if the EU is not to disintegrate. Given the … fresh support in the UK and US for banking deregulation, the EU must stand firm in support of prudential supervision and …

—the envisaged leaving of the EU by the United Kingdom. The gravity equation estimated subsequently allows one to consider the case … of BREXIT and the broader role of EU membership and other variables. Looking at the period from 1985 to 2012 for a … variables of the EU/EU single-market membership of the source country and of the host country, we further consider the role of …