This essay here has two goals. The first is to clarify, whenever possible, the sources of Long Waves (LWs) or Kondratieff Waves (K-waves). The second is to show that the wars can be one of principal sources of path-breaking technologies that support Long Waves for the technological, economic and...

Economic globalization affects the environment and sustainable development in several ways and through various channels. The purpose of this paper is to review the key links between globalization and the environment. The paper intends to consider the major issues in multilateral economic...

The main aim of this paper is to investigate quantitatively the economic impacts of emissions stabilization scenarios with and without the inclusion of induced technological change (ITC). Improved technological innovations are triggered by increased R&D expenditures that advance energy...