This paper examines the role of the burden of proof (BoP) in National Treatment (NT) disputes under trade agreements …. -- National treatment ; burden of proof ; environment ; GATT ; WTO ; trade agreements …

We examine the setting of national competition policy in a two-country setting,emphasizing the relationship of trade to … equilibrium distributional effects of competition policy, therelationship of national competition policy to terms-of-trade gains … and losses,the implications of "distinct national markets" linked through trade (thestarting point for all trade theorists …

This paper analyses how product differentiation affects the volume of trade under duopoly using Shubik-Levitan demand … functions. It is shown that the volume of trade in terms of quantities is decreasing in the degree of product differentiation … when the trade cost is relatively low, but increasing in the degree of product differentiation when the trade cost is …

The outcome of a trade war (with import tariffs and export subsidies) between two countries is analysed in a Cournot … terms of competitiveness. When the two countries are similar, both countries will be worse off in a trade war than under … free trade, but the country with the uncompetitive firm may win the trade war when the asymmetries are sufficiently great …