measures to proxy for entrepreneurship often gives rise to misleading inferences. Interestingly the rate of billionaire …, more venture capital investment and lower regulatory burdens have higher entrepreneurship rates but less self …-employment. -- Entrepreneurship ; Innovation ; Institutions ; Regulation ; Self-employment …

entrepreneurship? We compile four hand-collected measures of high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship (VC-funded IPOs, self … entrepreneurship and the other relating to small business activity. Except for the World Bank measure of firm registration of limited … liability companies quantity-based measures tend to be inappropriate proxies for high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship. …

We examine whether Europe has an "entrepreneurship deficit" compared to other industrialized regions. Cross …-country comparisons are difficult due to the lack of standard empirical definitions of entrepreneurship. Measures focusing on small … business activity and startup rates suggest that Europe has the same or higher rates of entrepreneurship than the U.S. and East …

Formal institutions, e.g., regulations, are considered crucial determinants of entrepreneurship, but what enables … regulatory change when there is a regulatory void, meaning entrepreneurship clashes with existing regulations? Drawing on public … of entrepreneurship. …

Existing studies of entrepreneurship focus on entrepreneurs whose individual contribution to wealth creation is … institutions flourish, so do self-employed entrepreneurs. But billionaires don't. -- Billionaires ; entrepreneurship ; self …

prerequisite for innovation and entrepreneurship. This is done by putting the spotlight on the role that formal and informal … institutions often act as impediments to entrepreneurship and innovation. We argue that a common yet underappreciated source of … entrepreneurship. …