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With the implementation of the Third Postal Directive, the European Union took an essential step towards full market …, at the latest. Having thus created scope for competition through regulatory reform, the European Union needs to ensure …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013074358
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012896886
This paper provides an overview of the efforts of the European Commission to identify and, when necessary, challenge anticompetitive behaviour with respect to standardization and the licensing of standardized technologies, as well as the case-law of the CJEU on the same subject. The paper starts...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012994458
Online advertising is what funds free online content. Since its birth in the 1990’s, it has evolved into a multi-billion-dollar industry. At the core of this industry lies the ability to identify and track users through various technical means, such as web cookies. Online tracking for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013236600
Functioning of the European Union (“TFEU”). The purpose of this paper is to show that the decision of the ICA is fundamentally …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014148834
In a companion note (Antitrust vs. Sector-specific Regulation in Telecom: What Works Best?), we argued that while the full liberalization of telecommunications markets provides scope for relying to a large extent on general antitrust rules and institutions as instruments of economic regulation,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014059514
The first prong of Article 82 of the EC Treaty, which prohibits abuses of a dominant position, requires, prior to the identification of abusive behaviour, evidence that the firm under scrutiny enjoys a dominant position. Surprisingly, this issue seems to be sometimes overlooked. Enforcers,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014063324
Price discrimination is one of the most complex areas of EC competition law. There are several reasons for this. First, the concept of price discrimination covers many different practices (discounts and rebates, tying, selective price cuts, discriminatory input prices set by...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014063508
Many competition lawyers and economists argue that the prime of objective of competition law regimes is to promote economic efficiency. Yet, few of these regimes define what should be understood by economic efficiency. For instance, although this concept is referred to in an increasingly larger...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014068571