The article reflects the present banking and financial crisis on basis of latest research about the existence of superior economic and financial order within the real world (equal natural world). Within this order (equal natural order) observably all creatures use different types of energy like...

The paper substantiates economic order within the natural equal real world. Using philosophy of Hegel, observations, and hedonic methods, it identifies natural phenomena where creatures meet one another as markets with supply of and demand for goods and services, and energy as equivalent of...

Die vorliegende Dissertation zu makroökonomischen Themen beinhaltet einen einleitenden Literaturüberblick, drei eigenständige und voneinander unabhängige Kapitel sowie einen technischen Anhang. In Kapitel zwei wird ein Zwei-Länder Modell einer Währungsunion betrachtet, in dem die...

Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob die Wirtschaftssonderzonen in der Volksrepublik China ein sinnvolles Politikinstrument waren, um ein sozialistisches Wirtschaftssystem in einem Transformationsprozeß zu einem marktwirtschaftlichen System zu unterstützen. Darüber hinaus wird die...

Nobuko Inagawa has written an excellent paper on the relevance of Japanese experiences for a successful integration of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) into the world economy. Talking about the case of Japan is particularly interesting - and potentially controversial - compared...

For over a decade, The Wall Street Journal and The Heritage Foundation, Washington's preeminent think tank, have tracked the march of economic freedom around the world with the influential Index of Economic Freedom. Since 1995, the Index has brought Smith's theories about liberty, prosperity and...

In this paper we question the consensus of using a binary crisisdefinition for empirical crisis models. We believe that the most severeshortcomings of the crisis models today are in the crisis definition rather than the explanatory variables ...

In this essay I review Sylvia Nasar’s long awaited new history of economics, Grand Pursuit. Idescribe how the book is an economic history of the period from 1850-1950, withdistinguished economists’ stories inserted in appropriate places. Nasar’s goal is to show howeconomists work, but also...

The robust empirical finding that exporting firms are systematically different from firms thatmerely serve domestic consumers has inspired the development of a new brand of tradetheory, the theory of heterogeneous firms and trade. The establishment of a canonical modeldue to Melitz (2003) has...

[...]We begin by discussing the so-called first generation ofmodels, in which crises are viewed in the literature as theunavoidable result of unsustainable policies or fundamentalimbalances. Next, we survey the literature on the secondgeneration of models, which highlights the possibility of...