open innovation within technology clusters. Strategic partnerships in the biotechnology industry allow new technology based … partnerships and open innovation on the success of new biotechnology firms in Belgium by developing multiple case studies of firms … in regional biotechnology clusters. A longitudinal follow up of the Belgian biotech startup ecosystem is presented. We …

cluster policies in Japan, Germany, and France as well as six prominent biotechnology clusters in these countries. Information …

specialized commercialization capabilities. According to the predominant framework, if the innovation is protected by a strong … appropriabilty regime the optimal strategy is to license the innovation to an incumbent product firm. This paper argues by contrast … commercialize alone or to pursue a hybrid arrangement (called co-promotion) whereby it licenses the innovation but retains the …