For several decades, the countries in Central and Eastern Europe pursued an energyintensive strategy of economic development based on distorted relative prices of energy. This typical feature of central planning created the illusion of a virtually unlimited supply of energy. The illusion came to...

Like other network industries, the European gas supply industry has been liberalised, along the lines of what has been done in the United Kingdom and the United States, by opening up to competition the upstream and downstream segments of essential transmission infrastructure. The aim of this...

Given Australia's lack of energy security strategy, it is not surprising that the country is void of institutional knowledge and know-how of Russian foreign energy strategy. The 'lucky country' as it were, relies entirely on sea-lines of communication to the north to supply fuel and to export...

Rapidly rising carbon emissions from the intense development of Western Canada's fossil fuels continue to aggravate the global climate emergency and destabilize democratic structures. The urgency of the situation demands not only scholarly understanding, but effective action. Regime of...

The modelling of energy systems, which coevolved from socio-technological interactions and their interplay with the economy, plays a key role in the development of national and international policies to solve the problem of energy poverty. The other important issues addressed by energy system...

This report synthesises data from a range of sources to estimate the size of subsidies to the energy sector in the 15 pre-2004 Member States of the European Union. It finds that the level of subsidies to fossil fuels remains high despite their environmental impacts, while support for renewable...