Greece has applied for membership in the European Communities on June 13, 1975, Portugal on March 28, 1977, and Spain … January 1, 1981, while Portugal and Spain have become the eleventh and twelth member since January 1, 1986. However, the … routes of these countries to the EC were much longer. The aim of the study is to overview the experience of Greece, Portugal …

projection model for the Euro Area (aggregate data), Germany, Italy, and Portugal, we analyze the interaction between both …