Stochastic mortality models seek to forecast future mortality rates; thus, it is apparent that the objective variable … should be the mortality rate expressed in the original scale. However, the performance of stochastic mortality models …-in terms, that is, of their goodness-of-fit and prediction accuracy-is often based on the logarithmic scale of the mortality …

robust multipopulation mortality models, and on the risk management front we need to develop a better understanding of what …