tourism on welfare under terrorism and militancy. Using Nigeria as a case study for the period from 1980 to 2016, this study …, even under terrorism and militancy. However, in the long run, only aid and remittances had significant effects while FDI … presence of terrorism and militancy in the long-run, meaning that they could not thrive in tensed and insecure environments …

When do opposition groups decide to mount a terrorism campaign and when do they enter an open civil conflict against … the ruling government? This paper models an opposition group's choice between peace, terrorism, and open conflict …. Terrorism emerges if executive constraints are intermediate and rents are sizeable. Open conflict is predicted to emerge under …

This contribution examines the role of market-capitalism in anti-American terrorism. It differentiates between level …-peace literature coincide with less anti-American terrorism, it also suggests that the process of marketization has inflammatory … effects on anti-American terrorism. Using panel data for 149 countries between 1970 and 2007, this contribution indeed finds …

We perform an empirical investigation of the macroeconomic consequences of international terrorism and interactions … panel growth regression analysis and a structural VAR model. We find that, on average, the incidence of terrorism may have … that associated with either external wars or internal conflict. As well, terrorism is associated with a redirection of …