Economic structure transformation is widely recognized as a crucial role in sustainable development. However, the existing literature almost focused on the change inside certain economic areas and ignored the external relationship. This raises the question about the role of factors outside in...

The economic and financial crisis has generated a significant amount of adverse effects in all European economies, although with substantial differences by countries. For Spain the effects have been severe. From the last third of the last century until the middle of 2008 the economy experienced...