This study characterizes the corporate leniency policy that minimizes the frequency with which collusion occurs. Though it can be optimal to provide only partial leniency, plausible sufficient conditions are provided whereby the antitrust authority should waive all penalties for the first firm...

Leniency programmes reduce sanctions for law violators that self-report. We focus on their ability to deter cartels and organised crime in general by increasing incentives to "cheat" on partners. Moderate leniency programmes that reduce/cancel sanctions for the reporting party cannot affect...

[betr.: International Criminal Court]

The purpose of this Guide is to give a direct introduction to the European Small Claims Procedure, referred to throughout the Guide as ‘the procedure’. The Guide is designed to assist users of the procedure in understanding what each of its stages involves. In particular it should assist a...