On 1 September 2014, the Association Agreement (AA) between the EU and Georgia partially came into force. Its main pillar is a "deep and comprehensive free trade agreement" (DCFTA). It provides for the full liberalisation of trade in industrial products and substantial reduction of barriers in...

This paper assesses the trade impact of regional trade agreements signed by Georgia. Using information from the World Bank's Deep Trade Agreements database and the Exporters' Dynamics Database for Georgia for 2000-20, the paper tests the effect of regional trade agreements on the performance of...

Labour provisions in trade agreements have been criticised for minimal effectiveness in improving employment conditions. Five recent cases point to some benefits and to the lessons on when and how labour provisions can be effective. They make a difference in particular economic and political...