This paper surveys the evolution of the Canadian pension system to provide possible ideas for pension reform in Russia. Particular emphasis is placed on the Canadian voluntary, tax assisted retirement savings plans. Such plans can be used as an incentive mechanism to draw savings into the...

Price manipulation in financial markets is a prohibited activity, but identifying it is a problem in thinly traded securities markets. One service that clients expect of a portfolio manager is to provide up-to-date valuations. Actions to obtain these valuations are regarded as proper by the...