"Argues that rural land and labor activism extend back to 1920s, at least in São Paulo state. Details interaction of rural workers with Vargas state, the Partido Comunista Brasileiro, Catholic Church, and other actors, and workers' responses to repression after 1964. Important antidote to...

Sao Paulo, by far the most populated state in Brazil, has an economy to rival that of Colombia or Venezuela. Its capital city is the fourth largest metropolitan area in the world. How did Sao Paulo, once a frontier province of little importance, become one of the most vital agricultural and...