Many empirical works suggest that education has a positive effect on earnings not only because it raises human capital but also because it functions as a signal when employers have incomplete information on employees' skills.The signaling role could have important consequences on the dynamics of...

Empirical evidence suggests that ethnic divisions in a society leads to negative outcomes in civil conflict and economic development, among others. It is often argued that the lack of shared social identity, that is, the dominance of subnational (particularly, ethnic) identities over national...