paradigm for public health interventions in the 21st century, creating new approaches that take urban determinants of health … into consideration. The widening disparity between the urban poor and the urban rich further exacerbates health inequities …. Existing tools for global governance of urban health risks fall short, particularly in the lack of formal mechanisms to …

the largest health gains during the last several decades. Nor was higher dispersion in mortality caused entirely by the …The 21st century has been a period of rising inequality in both income and health. In this study, we find that … geographic inequality in mortality for midlife Americans increased by about 70 percent from 1992 to 2016. This was not simply …