This paper considers the use of ‘long-run cost functions’ for congested networks in solving second-best network problems, in which capacity and tolls are instruments. We derive analytical results both for general cost and demand functions and for specific functional forms, namely Bureau of...

This paper deals with first-best and second-best congestion pricing of a stylised two-link network with probabilistic route choice of travellers. Travellers may have heterogeneous values of travel times and may differ in their idiosyncratic route preferences. We derive first-best and second-best...

We have measured the width of many P and R lines of the fundamental vibration-rotation band of CO perturbed by $N_{2}$ at 348 K and pressures of about 50 kPa. We have also extended the measurements made earlier at 301 K. The broadening coefficients were obtained with an accuracy of 0.3\% or...