The Bukidnon Province in Mindanao Island is a rural area with one of the highest poverty levels in the Philippines. About 60 percent of the farm families live below the poverty line. Nonetheless, Buckidnon Province offers location and climatic advantages for the development of a high-value...

A shortage of clean drinking water, the lack of an adequate sewage system, and rapid environmental degradation from waste dumping have prompted the State of Espirito Santo in Brazil to consider expanding the water supply and sewage disposal system in the region. This paper reports on the finding...

In the past, most evaluations of the electric utility investments have been based on the assumptions that the suppliers of electricity would provide the quantity of energy demanded at an acceptable level of reliability. The question addressed in most of the investment appraisals has been: “is...

The Andean High Pass Program is evaluated as a pure public sector infrastructure investment. Since each pass crosses the territory of Argentina to Chile, it is a bi-national investment. This infrastructural investment affects not only the economies of Argentina and Chile, but also those of other...

There has been a growing emphasis in many developing countries on export-led growth policies that attract both domestic and foreign investment into activities that will increase exports. Many countries, however, have not achieved the desired response. Among other problems, investors often face...

This Regulatory Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide was prepared for the use of federal departments and agencies as they perform cost-benefit analysis to determine the potential impact of regulatory decisions. The guide incorporates the evolution of regulatory policy and developments in the analysis of...

This paper takes a broad approach in the sense that only the fundamental structure elements of each tax system are considered as part of the benchmark tax system. Moreover, this paper will go beyond the traditional tax expenditure reporting by taking into account an ideal tax system with minor...

In preparing this paper we have examined all the major tax systems in the Dominican Republic except the property tax. Our focus was both on the short term revenue requirements of the government as well as on the tax reform measures that are needed in order to meet the longer term revenue...

In preparing this paper, the indirect tax systems in the Dominican Republic are examined both in terms of tax policy and also their revenue importance. These taxes include the taxation of import, value added (ITBIS), selected excise taxes, exit and entry taxes (tourism taxes), and the taxation...

The social or economic discount rate is the threshold rate used to calculate the net present value of an investment project, a program, or a regulatory intervention to see whether the proposed expenditures are economically worthwhile to undertake. The size of the economic rate of discount has...