In order to discuss nonlinear, it is necessary to know linear regressive as a priori. Without simple regression as the starting point, it would be difficult to understand nonlinear regression. In words, in order to understand the curve and the behavior of a curve, it is necessary to known a...

We argue that Islamic principles, in particular the avoidance of ribā and gharar should be applied with respect to real economic value rather than to monetary value in terms of conventional currency. In order to reconcile monetary value with economic value, we propose a reference currency...

For decades, the academic literature has focused on three survey measures of expected inflation: the Livingston Survey, the Survey of Professional Forecasters, and the Michigan Survey. While these measures have been useful in developing models of forecasting inflation, the data are low frequency...

A unified quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimation theory for stationary and nonstationary simple Markov bilinear (SMBL) models is proposed. Such models may be seen as generalized random coefficient autoregressions (GRCA) in which the innovation and the random coefficient processes are fully...

The problem considered is the estimation of "k" coefficients of interest in a linear regression model when the (k+1)st coefficient is of no interest. It is shown that this problem is equivalent to the problem of estimating the unknown mean of a univariate normal distribution with variance one...

[Update: Within four weeks of the original publication of this research report, Risk Magazine reported in its 28th February 2012 issue story titled 'Goodbye VaR? Basel to Consider Other Risk Metrics': "A review of trading book capital rules, due to be launched in March by the Basel Committee on...

In aftermath of the Financial Crisis, some risk management practitioners advocate wider adoption of Bayesian inference to replace Value-at-Risk (VaR) models for minimizing risk failures (Borison & Hamm, 2010). They claim reliance of Bayesian inference on subjective judgment, the key limitation...

The main focus of the present paper is to analyze the impacts of financial policy on inflation rates. The analysis depended on time series data and was divided into theoretical and applied analytical framework. An econometric model was utilized to reflect the relations between financial policy...

Three models are presented: AR (autoregressive), MA (moving average) and ARMA (autoregressive moving average) are common models used in time series forecasting. These three models are the various definition of each element of the General Linear Model: Y = a + b + c. For the study of linear...

The Ohlson (1995) equity valuation and returns models are consistent with mathematical formulation. Since value relevance models that relate Ohlson (1995) focus on information dynamics of accounting and other information for explaining equity value, an inconsistency between Ohlson's (1995)...