may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

” commercialization. However, when focusing on downstream industry segments that bring patented technologies to market—“innovation” in an … concentration ultimately harms innovation, efficiency, consumer welfare, and democratic representation. It argues that patent law … provides prescriptions for enhancing industry entry through private ordering, federal innovation policy, and antitrust …

may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

A persistent theme in the academic literature on technological innovation is that incumbent enterprises have great … difficulty crossing the abyss created by a radical technological innovation. It is argued that incumbents go into decline, while … performance in markets shaken by a radical technological innovation …