While the extant literature on offshore outsourcing at the firm level basically deals with this operation mode in isolation, in this paper we address the issue of outsourcing in the context of the broader question of how companies choose and use outsourcing as part of their operation mode...

This article investigates retailers' choice of foreign markets using a spatial-interaction model that takes into account factors related to the attractiveness of a given market as well as distance to that market. While gravity and spatial-interaction models have a long tradition in retailing...

This paper expands entry mode literature by referring to multiple modes exerted in different value chain activities within and across host markets, rather than to a single entry mode at the host market level. Scale of operations and knowledge intensity are argued to affect firms' entry mode...

The key role MNEs play in the global economy through international investment, and the changing landscape of such investment as MNEs as well as host and home economies adjust to changing conditions and objectives, make it important to understand trends and developments with respect to FDI and...

The key role MNEs play in the global economy through international investment, and the changing landscape of such investment as MNEs as well as host and home economies adjust to changing conditions and objectives, make it important to understand trends and developments with respect to FDI and...

Purpose – The paper aims to provide a discussion of the relevance of motives for companies’ internationalization. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a conceptual discussion building on established classifications of motives of internationalization, which distinguish between...