The authors examine the experience of selected central banks that have used large-scale balance-sheet expansion, frequently referred to as “quantitative easing,” as a monetary policy instrument. The case studies focus on central banks responding to the recent financial crisis and Nordic...

This note introduces the concept of the replication paradigm, a framework that can (and should) be followed in every replication attempt. The paradigm expands, in part, on Bruce McCullough's well-known paraphrase of Berkeley computer scientist Jon Claerbout's insight - "An applied economics...