argued that expenditure ceilings are effective in promoting fiscal discipline and sustainability, but that a number of trade …-offs have to be made when setting up a fiscal framework that will survive in a politically charged environment. The paper … illustrates the discussion with a case study of medium-term aggregate expenditure ceilings in three countries: Finland, the …

fiscal instruments to deal with regional shocks. We assess how these features influence the magnitude and persistence of … factors behind these outcomes and policy implications. …

This paper analyses the changes in orientation and composition of Brazilian fiscal policy, focusing on three recent … extraordinary. During the second period of fiscal expansion (2011-2014), the fiscal space was reoriented towards tax cuts and … subsidies to private investment, while public investment stagnated. This new fiscal policy mix proved ineffective in preventing …

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within … which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which … review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards …

components such as public spending for economic activities, social and cultural costs) and tax revenues of consolidated budget on …