The estimation of expected security returns is one of the major tasks for the practical implementation of the Markowitz portfolio optimization. Against this background, in 1992 Black and Litterman developed an approach based on (theoretically established) expected equili-brium returns which...

The parameter loss given default (LGD) of loans plays a crucial role for risk-based decision making of banks including risk-adjusted pricing. Depending on the quality of the estimation of LGDs, banks can gain significant competitive advantage. For bank loans, the estimation is usually based on...

The ongoing debate concerning credit concentration risk is mainly driven by the requirements on credit risk management due to Pillar 2 of Basel II since risks (e.g. concentration risk) that are not fully captured by Pillar 1 should be adequately considered in the banks' risk management. This...

The measurement of concentration risk in credit portfolios is necessary for the determination of regulatory capital under Pillar 2 of Basel II as well as for managing portfolios and allocating economic capital. Existing multi-factor models that deal with concentration risk are often inconsistent...

Several attempts have been made to reduce the impact of estimation errors on the optimalportfolio composition. On the one hand, improved estimators of the necessary momentshave been developed and on the other hand, heuristic methods have been generated to enhancethe portfolio performance, for...

Several attempts have been made to reduce the impact of estimation errors on the optimal portfolio composition. On the one hand, improved estimators of the necessary moments have been developed and on the other hand, heuristic methods have been generated to enhance the portfolio performance, for...

We are considering for examination an Irreversible Investment under Uncertainty, subsidized by the government. If the government announces the termination of a form of subsidization, investors may decide to realize their investment in order to obtain the subsidy. These investors might have...

In the last decade, portfolio credit risk measurement has improved significantly. The current state-of-the-art models analyze the value of the portfolio at a certain risk horizon, e.g. one year. Most popular has become the Merton-type one-factor model of Vasicek, that builds the fundament of the...

Coherent measures of a bank's whole risk capital imply a structure of a bank's optimal credit portfolio that is independent of its deposits and the expected deposit rate, of expected bankruptcy costs and of expected costs of regulatory capital.