Austerity measures alone will not suffice to generate the growth needed for recovery in Greece, Portugal, Spain and Italy. A European Recovery Programme is necessary to stimulate growth through structural reforms and fiscal stimulus. This contribution describes policy areas where non-fiscal...

This study identifies commonalities between two historical incidents of debt assumption - in the United States in 1791 and in present-day Europe. By comparing the interests and behaviour of key players in these two incidents, we find three major parallels: First, in their strategic interactions,...

Analytical preliminaries -- The lack of direct effect of DSB rulings -- Dispensability of direct effect for EU liability -- DSB ruling and the protection of individual rights -- Identifiability of and individual right -- Further liability requirements -- Damage claims and fundamental rights --...