Multiples play an important role in valuation. P/E and P/B multiples are in negative relation with the cost of equity, which in turn is influenced by risk and interest rate. The P/E multiple is mainly driven by future earnings growth, whereas the major drivers of the P/B multiple are future...

This paper focuses on corporate rating delivery process in terms of localization criteria differentiation. Corporate rating is conceived as a default predictor. We conduct a comprehensive study of the existing literature on the corporate default models, outlining the weak and the strong points,...

The project concentrates on the relationship between corporate rating and country rating. The approach is empirical. A series of hypothesis regarding the content and the direction of the relationship between the two variables are tested using various statistical methods. The focus is directed to...

The financial theory admits that levered firms record a value surplus compared to unlevered firms, at least because of the tax savings, related to interest. However, incurred debt, especially the long term debt, has a more consistent influence on performance, as stated by the Modigliani-Miller...