Rosaz, Julie; Villeval, Marie Claire - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
black lies (increasing the supervisor's earnings while decreasing the worker's payoff) and Pareto white lies (increasing the … earnings of both) according to Erat and Gneezy (2009)'s terminology are frequent. In contrast, spiteful black lies (decreasing … the earnings of both) and altruistic white lies (increasing the earnings of workers but decreasing those of the supervisor …