The Water Framework Directive (WFD) proscribes specific levels of contaminates present in rivers and lakes in the UK, these contaminants come from a wide range of sources such as food additives present in faeces, agricultural runoff and drinking water additives such as iron dosing. Water...

The materials balance principle points to the crucial role of material inputs in generating residuals in production processes. Pollution modelling must be of a multi-output nature. The most flexible transformation function in outputs and inputs used in textbooks is too general to make sense in...

The materials balance principle points to the crucial role of material inputs in generating residuals in production processes. Pollution modelling must be of a multi-output nature. The most flexible transformation function in outputs and inputs used in textbooks is too general to make sense in...