This paper presents new closed form solutions for the valuation of European put options and of "down-an-in" barrier options written on leveraged equity. Unlike in past literature (Toft and Prucyk, 1997) and in keeping with empirical evidence, the model allows equity to retain value even after...

Supervisors and policy makers pay increasing attention to the possible procyclical nature of banks’ behaviour. Indeed, to guarantee macro and financial stability, it is important to understand if, and to what extent, banks are affected by the macroeconomy and if there are second round effects....

The purpose of this paper is to examine the variance-covariance structure of GARCH models that have been introduced in the literature the last decade, and have been greatly favoured by time series analysts and econometricians. In particular, we analyze the second moments of the sum of GARCH...

In this paper we analyse the higher order asymptotic properties of the empirical likelihood ratio test, by means of the dual likelihood theory. It is shown that when the econometric model is just identified, these tests are accurate to an order o(1/n), and this accuracy can always be improved to...

Job satisfaction may affect the propensity to respond to job satisfaction surveys, so that estimates of average satisfaction and the effects of determinants of satisfaction may be biased. We examine response bias using data from a postal job satisfaction survey of family doctors. We link all the...

This study analyzes the cyclical behaviour of the default rates of Italian bank borrowers over the last two decades. A vector autoregression (VAR) modelling technique is employed to assess the extent to which macroeconomic shocks affect the banking sector (first round effect). The VAR also helps...

This paper uses the unique Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program (TCMP) micro data to study the equity effects of noncompliance. We access four years of TCMP data, 1979,1982,1985, and 1988. The TCMP data allows us to observe income and taxes before and after a tax audit. In order to generate a...

This paper studies money based and exchange rate based disinflation in an open economy model with explicit microfoundations. For benchmark parameter values, it is found that a money slowdown leads to a recession in the short run whereas exchange rate based disinflation leads to very rapid...

The annual five per cent in real terms increase in tobacco taxes proposed in the recent White Paper on smoking has reaffirmed the commitment of successive United Kingdom governments to above inflation increases in tobacco taxation to encourage people to stop smoking. This paper presents evidence...