The London Stock Exchange (LSE) has been an institution caught in the midst of political, economic and technological change. Systemic changes sweeping through the industry have set off chain reactions of demutualization, consolidation and diversification. The LSE has not been immune to these...

We analyze the effects of fair value reporting standards (FVR) SFAS 133 and IAS 39 on foreign exchange (FX) exposures of U.S. multinational firms. We observe reductions in FX exposures to developed market currencies that coincide with the implementation of FVR. Risk reductions mainly affect U.S....

Blockchain technology, perhaps the most revolutionary invention of the 21st century, was popularized by introducing the world's first cryptocurrency 'Bitcoin.' However, despite many purported advantages offered by cryptocurrencies, they eluded mass adoption due to their extreme volatility. This...

The current paper reviews poverty issues and economic development in Sudan. The conclusions focus on the conception that unless Sudan increases his economic activity and hence employment, the economic situation will see more deteriorations. Applying marker economy and trade liberalization...

The United Nations Counter-Terrorism Week in June 2021 focused on the financing of Islamist terror groups. The meeting zeroed in on the ‘misuse of digital space for terrorist financing purposes’. As noted in a statement following the meeting, ‘it was recognized that the pandemic enhanced...

Since the demise of apartheid in South Africa, corporations have been encouraged to participate in the governmental goal of increasing corporate ownership by the black majority population. One vehicle that has arisen to help facilitate an increase in corporate ownership has been black economic...

This paper describes and analyzes the implementation of a crawling exchange rate band on an electronic trading platform. The placement of limit orders at the central bank's target rate serves as a credible policy statement that may coordinate beliefs of market participants. We find for our...